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Ma–Po Tofu (Spicy Bean Curd with Beef)

A classic Sichuan dish featuring soft tofu and ground beef in a spicy sauce made with hot bean paste, black bean sauce, and Sichuan peppercorns. This flavorful combination delivers the characteristic málà (numbing and spicy) sensation of Sichuan cuisine.

4 servings
21 min
Published October 4, 2025

Ingredients

  • •1 teaspoon Sichuan peppercorns
  • •1½ pounds soft tofu
  • •2 tablespoons Chinese hot bean paste
  • •1 tablespoon Chinese black-bean paste
  • •4 tablespoons oyster sauce
  • •2 tablespoons Asian chili powder
  • •1 tablespoon cornstarch
  • •¼ cup peanut oil
  • •4 ounces ground beef
  • •1 teaspoon fresh ginger
  • •2 cloves garlic
  • •1 whole scallion
  • •¼ cup Shaohsing rice wine
  • •1 medium leek
  • •½ cup chicken stock
  • •1 tablespoon light soy sauce
  • •1 tablespoon dark soy sauce
  • •2 tablespoons fresh cilantro
  • •note

Cooking Instructions

  1. 1.

    In dry heavy skillet over moderate heat, toast peppercorns, stirring, until fragrant, 3 to 5 minutes. Transfer to bowl and let cool, then grind in spice grinder to fine powder. Set aside.

    5 min

  2. 2.

    In large pot over moderately high heat, bring 4 cups water to boil. Add tofu, remove from heat, and let steep, uncovered, 5 minutes. Using slotted spoon, transfer tofu to medium bowl and set aside.

    5 min

  3. 3.

    In small bowl, whisk together hot bean paste, black-bean paste, 2 tablespoons oyster sauce, and chili powder. Set aside.

    2 min

  4. 4.

    In small bowl, whisk together cornstarch and 3 tablespoons water. Set aside.

    1 min

  5. 5.

    In wok or heavy large sauté pan over moderate heat, heat oil until hot but not smoking. Add beef, ginger, garlic, and scallions and stir-fry until meat is browned, about 1 minute. Add rice wine and cook, stirring occasionally, until most of moisture evaporates, 1 to 2 minutes. Add hot bean paste mixture and cook, stirring occasionally, until mixture is incorporated and oil in pan turns red, about 1 minute.

    4 min

  6. 6.

    Add tofu, leeks, stock, light and dark soy sauces, and remaining 2 tablespoons oyster sauce and bring to boil. Whisk cornstarch mixture to recombine, then add to pan and cook, stirring occasionally, until juices thicken slightly, about 1 minute.

    3 min

  7. 7.

    Transfer to serving dish. Sprinkle with Sichuan peppercorn powder and cilantro, if using. Serve immediately.

    1 min

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